Vol. LXIX No.42 5780
New York City
CANDLE LIGHTING TIME
October 18, 2019 – 19 Tishrei 5780
5:53 p.m. NYC E.D.T.
Sabbath Ends: 6:52 p.m. NYC E.D.T.
Sabbath Ends: Rabbenu Tam 7:23 p.m. NYC E.D.T.
Weekly Reading: Chol Hamo’ed Sukkos (see below)
Weekly Haftara: Chol Hamo’ed Sukkos (see below)
Daf Yomi: Tamid 31
Mishna Yomit: Horayos 3:4-5
Halacha Yomit: Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayyim 586:14-16
Rambam Yomi:Hilchos Ishus chap. 14-16
Earliest time for Tallis and Tefillin: 6:20 a.m. NYC E.D.T.
Sunrise: 7:10 a.m. NYC E.D.T.
Latest Kerias Shema: 9:55 a.m. NYC E.D.T.
Sunset: 6:11 p.m. NYC E.D.T.
Shacharis: Chol Hamo’ed: There are numerous customs regarding the donning of tefillin on Chol Hamoed. Generally, Nusach Sefarad and followers of the Vilna Gaon do not don tefillin – but others – Nusach Ashkenaz – do, some without a beracha, some with the utterance of an inaudible beracha; each should follow his family custom. Nevertheless, all (including the chazzan) remove their tefillin before Hallel.
Shemoneh Esreh: weekday text with Ya’aleh VeYavo.
Hallel: We take the lulav and esrog in hand (lulav, bound with 3 hadassim on the right side and 2 aravos on the left side), the lulav in the right hand and the esrog in the left hand, pitom facing downward. (Sefarad and certain other congregations follow now with Hoshanos, circling the Bimah once – Kel Lemoshaos.
We then remove one Sefer Torah from the Ark and call 4 aliyos. We read in Parashas Pinchas, Third day Chol Hamo’ed – (Bamidbar 29:23‑31) U’vayom Harevi’i – Kohen; U’vayom Hachamishi – Levi; U’vayom Hashishi– Yisrael; U’vayom Harevi’i – (2nd) Yisrael. –
Mussaf: Shemoneh Esreh of Yom Tov with mention of the Korbenos Hayom – the special additional sacrifices: 3rd day, U’vayom Harevi’I, U’vayom Hachamishi (U’minchasam).
Hoshanos: See Shacharis.
Mincha, Chol Hamo’ed: Weekday Shemoneh Esreh with Ya’aleh VeYavo.
Kabbalas Shabbos: Shortened version Ashkenaz or Sefard. Maariv Shabbos with appropriate mentions of Yom Tov and Ya’aleh ve’Yavo
Shabbos morning: Shacharis as usual but with inclusion of Ya’aleh VeYavo – Hallel, Hoshanos (no lulav), Kaddish Tiskabbel. We then read Koheles, followed by Kaddish Yasom. We remove two Sifrei Torah from the Ark: in the first we call 7 aliyos and read from Parashas Ki Tissa (Shemos 33:12-34:26). The Maftir reads from the second Sefer in Parashas Pinchas (Numbers 29:26-31). The Haftara is Ezekiel (38:18-39:16), Ve’haya Bayom Hahu. In Birchos HaHaftara we mention both Yom Tov and Shabbos.
Yekum Purkan, Ashrei, half Kaddish, Musaf of Shalosh Regalim with mention of Shabbos and Korbenos Hayom – U’vayom Hachamishi, U’vayom Hashishi, U’minchasam.
Mincha – Ashrei, U’va LeTziyyon, Kerias HaTorah, three aliyos in Vezos HaBeracha, Shemoneh Esreh of Shabbos with Ya’aleh VeYavo.
Maariv – with Ata Chonantanu and Yaaleh VeYavo, NO Viy’hi No’am, Ve’ata Kadosh, Havdala in the sukkah. We add the beracha Leishev Basukkah.
Sunday is Hoshana Rabba. We treat this day with some of the gravity of Yom Kippur. Some who are scrupulous immerse themselves in a mikveh. The chazzan dons a kittel. The Mishna Berura (ad loc.) explains that donning the kittel signifies that this day is the point when the seal is affixed in our judgment. Thus some are accustomed to greet one another until Hoshana Rabbah with Gemar Chasima Tova.
The Pesukei deZimra are those of Shabbos and Yom Tov, but we do not say Nishmas – we substitute in its proper place Mizmor LeToda. Yishtabach (some congregations then say Shir Hama’alos mima’amakim while the Ark is open) is followed by half Kaddish. The chazzan then says Barechu and the congregation responds.
Birchos Kerias Shema are the weekday text, followed by the silent weekday Shacharis Shemoneh Esreh with Ya’aleh VeYavo and mention of Sukkos. Following the chazzan’s repetition we take the lulav and esrog in hand for the last time on this festival and recite the blessing Al netilas lulav. We wave the lulav to all six sides, the four cardinal points and up and down, in the order of one’s custom. We hold the Four Species in our hand as we recite the whole Hallel. At Hodu and Ana Hashem we again wave the lulav in the customary manner.
Some congregations – Nusach Sefarad and some Nusach Ashkenaz – are accustomed to recite the Hoshanos after Hallel while others (most Ashkenaz) recite them following Mussaf. For Hoshanos we remove all the Torah scrolls from the Ark. With the Four Species in our hand, we continue to recite the Hoshanos – but on this day we go around the Bimah not once as we do on each day of Sukkos but seven times – saying all the Hoshanos as found in our machzorim.
When we reach the verses Ta’aneh emunim, we set aside the Four Species and take the willow branches – the chabata, which is a bunch of 5 willows bound together). At the conclusion of the Hoshanos we bang the chabata on the ground. The chazzan then recites Kaddish Tiskabbel. Then the congregation says the Shir shel Yom and LeDavid Hashem Ori and their respective mourners Kaddish recitals.
We remove one Sefer Torah from the Ark – we add the Thirteen Middos, Ribbono shel Olam. We call 4 aliyos (Kohen, Levi, Yisrael, Yisrael) we read in Parashas Pinchas (Numbers 29:26‑34). The 4th aliyah repeats verses 29:29-34.
We return the Sefer Torah to the Ark, the chazzan recites half Kaddish and we say the silent Shalosh Regalim Shemoneh Esreh of Mussaf. Following the chazzan’s repetition he recites Kaddish Tiskabbel. Some congregations say Hoshanos now (most Ashkenaz – see above for procedure).
We conclude the service with Ein K’Elokeinu, Aleinu, Shil shel Yom, LeDavid Hashem Ori and their respective mourners Kaddish recitals.
Mincha: usual erev Yom Tov tefilla – weekday Shemoneh Esreh with mention of Sukkos. Following the chazzan’s repetition, Kaddish Tiskabbel, Aleinu (Nusach Sefarad say LeDavid Hashem Ori) followed by mourners Kaddish.
Due to Yizkor, which we recite on Shemini Atzeres, we light yahrtzeit candles for the departed souls before we light the Yom Tov candles – which are to be lit eighteen minutes before shekiah – at 5:50 p.m. (N.Y.C. E.D.T.).
Maariv: usual tefilla of Shalosh Regalim. We add VaYedabber Moshe before the Shemoneh Esreh of Shalosh Regalim and we make mention of Shemini Atzeres. Kaddish Tiskabbel, Aleinu and LeDavid Hashem Ori. (Nusach Sefarad says LeDavid, following Mincha) and mourners Kaddish recitals.
Minhag Sefarad make the hakafos on the night of Shemini Atzeres as well as the night of Simchas Torah.
Kiddush is Yom Tov text of Shalosh Regalim – Asher bachar banu, mekaddesh Yisrael veHazemanim. Since Shemini Atzeres is considered a new Yom Tov, we add the blessing of Shehecheyanu. However, though most still eat in the sukkah because of sefeka deyoma, lit. “a doubt regarding the day.” Regarding the other days of Sukkos, in reference to the mention or their sacrifices in both the Torah reading and Shemoneh Esreh of Musaf, we treat each day as a doubtful day. We nevertheless do not say the beracha leishev baSukkah as we no longer refer to this Yom Tov as Sukkos. We do continue the custom of substituting honey for salt into which we dip our challah at the blessing of Hamotzi.
Monday morning: Shacharis as usual with the following exceptions: chazzan begins at HaKel instead of at Shochen Ad. The Shemoneh Esreh is that of Shalosh Regalim. Following chazzan’s repetition we say whole Hallel followed by Kaddish Tiskabbel. (Nusach Sefarad then say the Shir shel Yom and LeDavid Hashem Ori and their respective Kaddish recitals.)
We remove two Sifrei Torah from the Ark. We say the Thirteen Middos and Ribbono Shel Olam.
We call 5 aliyos in the first sefer and we read in Parashas Re’eh, Asser Te’asser (Deuteronomy 14:22-16:17). We then place the second sefer next to the first sefer and the Ba’al Keriah recites half Kaddish. We call the Maftir. We read from the second sefer in Parashas Pinchas (Numbers 29:35-39; 30:1)
The Maftir reads the Haftara, Vayehi kechalos Shlomo (I Kings 8:54-66; 9:1).
It is customary in many congregations to schedule a Yizkor appeal, due to the text of the Yizkor prayer – “in the merit of my vowing to give charity on his/her behalf.”
We then say Yizkor and Av Harachamim followed by Ashrei. We return the Sifrei Torah to the Ark. The chazzan dons a kittel and recites half Kaddish to the special Nusach of Geshem.
Musaf: Before we begin the silent Shemoneh Esreh, the gabbai calls out, “Mashiv Haruach U’morid Hageshem” so that we will add this phrase to our silent Shemoneh Esreh as well.
In chazzan’s repetition we recite the prayer for rain in its proper season (Geshem), which he chants to its special nusach. At Vese’arev the Kohanim go up to the duchan. (The Levi’im, or where none are available, the firstborn – bechorim – have washed the Kohanim’s hands). The congregation says Ribbono Shel Olam and Yehi Ratzon. The chazzan then recites Kaddish Tiskabbel.
The Musaf service concludes with Ein K’Elokeinu, Aleinu, Shir shel Yom and LeDavid Hashem Ori (Sefarad already said Shir shel Yom and LeDavid Hashem Ori at the end of Shacharis following Hallel) and their respective Kaddishrecitals. Some congregations conclude with An’im Zemiros and mourners Kaddish.
Mincha: Ashrei, U’va LeTziyyon, half Kaddish. All then say the silent Shemoneh Esreh of Shalosh Regalim. We are careful to include in the beracha of Mechayyeh Hameisim – Mashiv Haruach U’morid Hageshem. If one forgot to include this blessing: If he realized before he uttered the beracha of Ata Kadosh – he is to include it there and then. If, however, he already said Ata Kadosh, he repeats the Amidah from the beginning. Thus, according to Rema (Orach Chayyim 114:9), in order not to utter a blessing in vain, it is proper to repeat thia [at some time earlier in the day] 90 times – “Mashiv Haruach U’morid Hageshem.”
The Mishna Berura (ad loc.) explains that one says…. Rav lehoshia Mashiv Haruach U’morid Hageshem, 90 times. He quotes the Chasam Sofer (Responsa Vol. I 9:20) as well, who opines that one repeats it 101 times, but only if one has said it less than 90 times would he repeat the Shemoneh Esreh.
Monday evening, the second night of Yom Tov: since we are not allowed to make any preparations from one day of Yom Tov to the other, we wait 45 minutes after Shekia (N.Y.C. E.D.T. time 6:52 p.m.) some wait 60 minutes (N.Y.C. time: 7:07 p.m. E.D.T.) while others wait 72 minutes (N.Y.C. time: 7:19 p.m. E.D.T.) before we light candles and then we commence all preparations. When lighting candles we recite Lehadlik Ner Shel Yom Tov, and Shehecheyanu.
Maariv: usual tefilla of Yom Tov. We end Birchas Kerias Shema U’feros, etc. We say Vayedabber Moshe because of Yom Tov. The chazzan recites half Kaddish, then all say the silent Shemoneh Esreh. In the Shalosh Regalim text we refer to this Yom Tov as Yom HaShemini Chag HaAtzeres hazeh. Chazzan then recites Kaddish Tiskabbel.
It is customary before the saying of Ata Horeisa to “sell” this right for pledges to charity. The purchaser then honors individuals with the recitation of individual pesukim. Most congregations also sell all the other honors associated with Simchas Torah. The individual who has the last aliyah, before Chassan Torah, is called Chassan Kol Hane’arim with all the children joining him under the canopy. Following that we call the Chassan Torah who completes the year’s Torah reading. Finally it is the turn of the Chassan Bereishis, who will be honored with starting the year’s Torah reading. It is customary to sell the honors of Maftir and the three Hagbahos and gelilos. Some sell the opening and closing of the Ark as well. With all the Sifrei Torah removed from the Ark we now begin the Hakafos of the Bimah– we circle seven times in joyous dance.
At the conclusion of Hakafos we return all but one Sefer Torah to the Ark. We call three aliyos and we read from “Vezos Haberacha” (Deuteronomy 31:1-26). (Some congregations call 5 aliyos.)
The Ba’al Keriah says half Kaddish. We return the Sefer Torah to the Ark and we conclude with Aleinu and mourners Kaddish. We no longer recite LeDavid Hashem Ori.
Kiddush is usual the Shalosh Regalim Kiddush, with reference to Shemini Atzeres.
We eat our festive seuda in the house, as the second day of this Yom Tov in the golah is considered like Shemini Atzeres in Eretz Yisrael – and this is not treated as a doubtful day (sefeka de’yoma).
Tuesday Morning: Shacharis – Shalosh Regalim tefilla – the Kohanim go up to the duchan during the chazzan’s repetition of the Shacharis Shemoneh Esreh. (The Levi’im, or where there are no Levi’im, the firstborn, wash the hands of the Kohanim before the chazzan reaches Retzeh.) We do not say Ve’se’arev, we do not say Ribbono Shel Olam and Yehi Ratzon. Chazzan and congregation now continue with whole Hallel. Chazzan concludes with Kaddish Tiskabbel.
Those who are so honored each read aloud a pasuk in Ata Horeisa – and then we remove the Sifrei Torah from the Ark. With all the Sifrei Torah removed from the Ark we now begin the Hakafos of the Bimah– we circle seven times in joyous dance. We then read in Parashas Vezos Haberacha (Deuteronomy 31:1-26). We divide the parasha into five aliyos, and we continuously to call people – repeating the keriah many times until all members of the congregation have been called.
We then call the person who was honored with Chassan Kol Hane’arim. He says the berachos with all the children under the canopy (or tallis), he is followed by the Chassan Torah who completes the year’s Torah reading (from Deuteronomy 31:27-34:12) to the end of Parashas Vezos Haberacha.
We call the Chassan Bereishis who reads from Parashas Bereishis (Genesis 1:1-2:3). Following the hagbaha and placing of the Sifrei Torah on the bima, ba’al keriah recites half Kaddish.
We finally call the Maftir who reads from Parashas Pinchas (Numbers 29:35-39; 30:1).
The Maftir then reads the Haftara (Joshua 1:1-18).
We say Ashrei and Sisu vesimchu besimchas Torah. Many add Hiskabtzu and Agil Ve’esmach.
We return the Sifrei Torah to the Ark and the chazzan recites half Kaddish.
Musaf: in both the silent Shemoneh Esreh and the chazzan’s repetition, the tefilla is that of Shalosh Regalim – all references again, are to Shemini Atzeres. There is no duchaning at Musaf, as we have already done so during Shacharis. Chazzan then concludes with Kaddish Tiskabbel. This is followed by Ein K’Elokeinu, Aleinu, Shir Shel Yom (some congregations add An’im Zemiros) and the respective Kaddish recitals.
Mincha: Ashrei, U’va LeTziyyon, Shemoneh Esreh of Shalosh Regalim.
Ma’ariv: The earliest zeman is 45 minutes after sunset, that is, 6:50 p.m. (N.Y.C., E.D.T.), Maariv prayer is usual weekday Maariv with Ata chonantanu. Havdala is over wine, no flame or spices.
We do not say Tachanun until after Rosh Chodesh (2 Marcheshvan).
The following chapters of Tehillim are being recited by many congregations and Yeshivos for our brothers and sisters in Eretz Yisrael: Chapter 83, 130, 142 – Y.K.