In the book of Genesis (8:11), it is written that a dove was released by Noah from the ark in order to determine if the waters of the flood had receded enough for the human and animal inhabitants of the ark to disembark and live life anew.
Of all the many species of birds that were flying around, Noah decided to send the dove to find this out. But why the dove?
I suggest it was because of its color – white.
A bride wears a white dress under her chuppah; the chattan wears a white kittle. White represents purity and a new beginning, with the goal being shalom bayit. Peace of the home.
The world had been erased by the floods due to corruption and acrimony, and hopefully, like the bridal couple, there would be a new beginning imbued with peace and harmony.
The dove was sent by Noah three times. It returned to the ark twice, portraying the middot of commitment and loyalty, both to Noah and its mate. It took its responsibilities to heart. The dove did not return a third time – a nonverbal message to Noah that it was safe to leave the ark and humanity and wildlife could look to a new future. One with potential global shalom bayit.
The Vilna Gaon stated that a dove is a symbol of the human soul (commentary to Jonah, perek 1). The dove is also a symbol of the people of Israel (Song of Songs Rabbah 2:14), an image frequently repeated in the Midrash. Noah made the right choice.
